F.N. Pierce's volume covering the male Noctuidae was published in 1909; Pierce later realised that the female genitalia were also of value in identification, so the volume covering the female Noctuidae followed in 1942. Though they are regarded as invaluable for identifying difficult species, the originals are not easily available, and the reprinted versions were considered inferior in quality.

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F. N.Pierce , Pisces Conservation,